Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow Essay Example

Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow Paper The unpredictable natural disasters’ effect on different industries and the wrong decisions that may follow the occurrence of such disasters may be due to: inaccurate forecasting of weather, inaccurate planning and risk analysis, also the governments and organizations over confidence in their ability to take decision and over come the risks. Also, insufficient financial support and miscommunication results in higher civil and human loss. As we examine the consequences of natural disasters several issues must be considered: * Many countries lack the knowledge, capacity and resources to deal with natural disasters. After a disaster the public sector is often paralyzed by damaged infrastructure and unable to cover the costs of emergency and relief efforts, let alone reconstruction work. * Lack of overall risk planning and investment in physical resilience measures, with too much focus on post-disaster response, leads to increased loss of life, suffering and damage. People in poor countries are generally more exposed to natural disasters, particularly through a higher dependency on agriculture and increased vulnerability to the natural environment. * Insurance penetration is high in developed countries. In lesser developed entries, the availability of insurance is limited and premiums are often not affordable. With less coverage, impacts from natural disasters can derail economic growth. There are several reasons for the increased vulnerability of societies to natural disasters: * Population growth: Between 1950 and 2010, world population grew from 2. 5 to 6. 9 billion,2 putting more people in harms way. * Location: Population growth has occurred in areas more prone to natural disasters, such as coastal areas and riverbanks. * arbitration: Poor urban planning, zoning and construction exacerbate the effects of natural disasters * Value: Economic velveteen brings higher asset values, thereby increasing the possible financial loss. Climate change: While there is not yet consensus in the scientific community whether and to what extent climate change increases the number and severity Of climatic events,5 there are several prominent studies suggesting that there exists a causal relationship, increasing risk uncertainty. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ill. List of Alternative course of actions: The unpredictable natural disasters and its consequences affect masses of people and require involvement of various sectors of country organizations to achieve ultimately successful results. Effective disaster management system should be in place which includes disaster prediction, disaster warning, disaster management and disaster relief. Implementation of the following measures can have a significant impact on the extent of suffering after a natural disaster: 1 . Clear vision for dealing with natural disasters. To increase knowledge and awareness of the population at large, the private sector and policy-makers to achieve behavior change. 2. Understanding the risk and mitigate risks through a variety of methods using both public and private means. 3. Enhanced physical resilience as a preventative step to reduce risk by hysterical measures, This is the only way to directly reduce the loss Of life and number of people affected. 4. Financial preparedness to reduce the long-term impact on economic development at the macro level as evidenced IV. Evaluation of Alternatives 1. Vision for dealing with natural disasters A vision of how various means of risk management could work together through â€Å"backward imaging†. Taking realistic natural disaster scenarios and apply best practice recommendations to develop a vision for the future. Ochs is on risk transfer solutions and enhanced risk resiliency. 1. 1 Data Comprehensive data is crucial throughout the natural disaster timeline for increasing awareness, finding effective resilience measures, early warning systems, efficient disaster response and resilient rebuilding. Capturing and mapping: The international community with local cooperation will implement a long-term programmer of global observation data. This data will include satellite observations and ground-based Observations to allow for Ð’Â «trustingÐ’Â » of the satellite data. Risk identification and assessment: Using open-access catastrophe modeling architecture and risk models created by the insurance industry and academia tit funding from UNFROCK adaptation funds, insurers and other risk pooling mechanisms will be able to assess risk and characterize the uncertainties surrounding their estimates. 1. 2 Awareness With good data, the public understands the need for preparation and risk reducing measures. Governments, the private sector and the media build awareness of risks and risk-mitigation principles at national, regional, and community levels. School awareness programmer: Schools play an important role. Children from a young age must understand the perils to which their communities are exposed and the appropriate response behaviors. Community awareness: Education in the community is required to ensure that awareness building continues in ad alt life. Communication: The media will run long-term campaigns on regional natural catastrophe risks, highlighting the benefit Of resilience and risk pooling measures. Multiple channels should be used, using resonating messaging to counter psychological tendencies of avoidance and denial, and foster behavioral change. 1. 3 Planning and prevention Planning and prevention require long lead times, especially for physical resilience projects. These large-scale projects and local community response Lana are both important to community awareness. Coordinating these measures to ensure effectiveness and efficient use of funds requires a central government figure, called in this report a â€Å"country risk officer. Country risk officers: Tasked with keeping up-to-date risk and asset data, they coordinate pre-disaster mitigation measures, such as building resilience, with financial preparedness Large-scale defense: Using risk maps, large-scale peril defense programmer are conducted in areas of high value or national importance, potentially contributed to by UNFROCK adaptation funds. Community-level defense: With awareness of risk, communities can work together on local measures, particularly where large-scale defenses are not possible. This may include avoiding construction in peril-prone areas,or making buildings temporary or peril-resilient in such areas. Individual-level defense: Some individuals and businesses may choose to adapt their properties, as they will see lower insurance premiums as a consequence if insurance premiums reflect risk. Assign liability in advance: Risk pooling organizations are able to reduce their prices because they have contract certainty due to clear liability laws enacted n advance. 1. 4 Risk transfer There are various options for risk management – avoidance, reduction, transfer or retention. Risk transfer is the underlying tenet for insurance markets, passing a liability onto another party (spreading the risk). Risk pooling is vital to the recovery of individuals, firms and economies following a natural disaster. 1. 5 During an event Actions taken immediately before and during an event are crucial for limiting impact on lives and livelihoods. These actions include last minute resilience measures, early warning systems, evacuation plans and efficient response measures. Early warning prior to an event: For some events (e. G. , flooding, tropical cyclones and tsunamis) early warning is possible; others are more of a surprise (e. . , earthquakes). Where early warning is possible, meteorological offices and other peril monitoring services send warning messages to a list of stakeholders for broader dissemination, and also post information on their websites. Mobile warning cascade: Peril-prone regions have free mobile technology early warning systems that cascade a series of warnings. Fast-evacuation warnings: Local police and coastguard remove people from high-risk areas (e. G. Off beaches in a tsunami). Prior emergency drills have informed all stakeholders what they are expected to do. The evacuation is orderly. 1. 6 Response The response phase begins after the post-disaster situation has stabilized and there is no longer imminent threat of loss of human life. The response phase focuses on restoring law and order, ensuring a secure environment and distributing resources and supplies. Order and control: Restoring law and order is crucial to an environment in which appropriate response measures can be taken. If civil society and security deteriorate it will be more difficult or impossible to distribute sources to those in need, unnecessarily prolonging suffering. Quick damage assessment: Satellite images provide an initial quick overview Of the damage. Liquidity pooling schemes pay out: If the event has triggered the pooling policies, funds, commodities and equipment are transferred within 15 days (or more quickly for critical equipment). Use of funds: The country risk officer implements the catastrophe response plan. Funds from pooling schemes are deployed to purchase necessary supplies. 1. 7 Recovery The recovery phase begins once the post-disaster situation has stabilized enough for activities focused on returning people and the economy to predigested or better levels. Recovery involves getting people and communities back on their feet, and ideally in a better position than before the disaster. Deploying loss adjusters: Using satellite and aerial photography loss adjusters decide whether they can pay claims remotely. There are a sufficient number of loss adjusters, provided by both public and private sectors. Resilient and sustainable rebuilding: The country risk officer issues guidelines on peril-resilient rebuilding. All new construction conforms to the code. Non- compliance results in non-payment of future risk pooling claims or building condemnation. Managed retreat: Some regions will not be re-populated to make green spaces or other mitigation schemes. The difficult question of whether to turn over damaged homes to these spaces is an important policy issue. Community adaptation measures: The opportunity to adapt regions will be taken at the time of large-scale rebuilding (e. G. , sustainable urban drainage). This is a unique opportunity to re-design for the future. Lessons learned: All stakeholders devote time and resources to learn lessons room the disaster about such things as evacuation processes, risk models, data, building performance under stress, etc. Results are freely disseminated for the benefit of the international community. Micromanage, structured loans and Micronesians: These financial products provide liquidity for affected individuals, initiating faster recovery and promoting self-sufficiency. 2. Understanding risk * Understanding the hazards and risks a community is exposed to is one Of the prerequisite recommendations in this report. Continued advancement in this understanding will allow for more focused and improved solutions across he disaster timeline. Ensuring that this knowledge is cascaded down to the local level creates awareness and initiates responsibility. Where possible, effective disaster preparedness and risk mitigation must start at an individual and community level. There are many stakeholders involved in building community awareness, Understanding how to use these channels effectively, often in combination with the media, will increase risk understanding and awareness Capturing risk data’s Establishing reliable data is the first step and involves multiple stakeholders. There are numerous gaps in the data that has been captured on multiple littorals and in various data sets around the world. Ra sing awareness Raising awareness is needed at the local community level. Different channels of communications that can reach individuals locally include the use of media, education, and community involvement. Small behavioral adaptations can result in large reductions in the impact to society. For leaseholders countries with high casualty rates, the importance of awareness understanding various need factors is critical. Organizations such as the Red Cross have significant expertise and capacity to help in countries where institutional capacity is not available. Physical Resilience Increasing physical resilience is an ongoing process for ensuring that structures, from large-scale infrastructure to individual buildings, are better prepared for natural disasters. This is an iterative process as cities and regions regenerate themselves, and as knowledge, technology and materials improve. Increasing resilience should be a priority for policy-makers to reduce loss of life and lessen economic loss. Physical resilience requires long-term planning at the national, regional, and local levels; between local governments; with rural and urban areas; and cross departments and agencies. Natural disasters know no boundaries and they cross government jurisdictions. 4. Financial preparedness Financial preparedness is a key element in a country’s overall resilience to natural disasters. It can reduce the long-term impact on economic development at the macro level. At the micro level it provides financial protection to individuals and businesses to reduce the impact on livelihoods. In addition to a functioning public policy and regulatory framework, insurance development depends on factors that define a country broader development strategy. Micronesians Micronesians, which protects low-income people from specific risks, is typically characterized by low premiums reflecting the pricing of focused coverage. Low-income people are often exposed to risks due to the nature of their livelihoods, for example, subsistence farming, or because they live In disaster-prone areas. Distribution High volume is a key to the insurance business model. Therefore, microsurgery need to partner with organizations With ties to the communities that they seek to serve to gain access to and build trust with potential customers. Financial literacy Explaining how insurance works can be difficult. It is also difficult to build trust with potential customers because the benefits of insurance are realized in the future. V. Conclusion and recommendations: Conclusion * Natural disasters affect all countries. However, in lesser-developed countries natural disasters cause disproportionate impact, killing thousands and threatening the livelihoods of those who survive, The variations in these effects between countries in there is a need to transfer knowledge, mobile financial resources and strengthen institutional capacity for natural disaster management in proactive and sustainable ways. However, there have been large variations in their societal impact, particularly on developing countries. Much work needs to be done at local, regional, national international level to improve preparation and response through enhanced resiliency and risk mitigation Accordingly, to reduce the impact of natural disasters, a multiculturalism approach is needed. At the heart of the recommendations is a desire to reduce the overall impact on society. Recommendations: To reduce the impact of natural disasters, a multiculturalism approach is needed. At the heart of the recommendations is a desire to reduce the overall impact on society. The success of that effort will depend on a number of factors: Raising Awareness Building awareness brings recognition of risk and initiates behavioral change. To begin the process one needs to collect appropriate data on risks, which needs to be made publicly available. Communicating the message in a way that informs the affected public of the risks they face is needed to motivate an increase in resilience and preparedness. Enhancing Resiliency Reducing risk through enhancing resilience requires an integrated planning process to make sure that structures are resilient to current and future hazards. Financial Preparedness Financial preparedness includes the concept of risk transfer to protect people’s livelihoods. Traditional insurance using risk-based pricing free from political intervention is an important part of the toolkit to enable faster recovery and reconstruction. Alternative preparedness measures include Micronesians; catastrophe bonds (cat bonds), which in parametric form can provide fast liquidity in times of crisis; and country level funds to help reduce public sector liability. Public Sector The public sector role depends on a country capacity to mitigate and respond to natural disasters. Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow Essay Example Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow Paper The unpredictable natural disasters’ effect on different industries and the wrong decisions that may follow the occurrence of such disasters may be due to: inaccurate forecasting of weather, inaccurate planning and risk analysis, also the governments and organizations over confidence in their ability to take decision and over come the risks. Also, insufficient financial support and miscommunication results in higher civil and human loss. As we examine the consequences of natural disasters several issues must be considered: * Many countries lack the knowledge, capacity and resources to deal with natural disasters. After a disaster the public sector is often paralyzed by damaged infrastructure and unable to cover the costs of emergency and relief efforts, let alone reconstruction work. * Lack of overall risk planning and investment in physical resilience measures, with too much focus on post-disaster response, leads to increased loss of life, suffering and damage. People in poor countries are generally more exposed to natural disasters, particularly through a higher dependency on agriculture and increased vulnerability to the natural environment. * Insurance penetration is high in developed countries. In lesser developed entries, the availability of insurance is limited and premiums are often not affordable. With less coverage, impacts from natural disasters can derail economic growth. There are several reasons for the increased vulnerability of societies to natural disasters: * Population growth: Between 1950 and 2010, world population grew from 2. 5 to 6. 9 billion,2 putting more people in harms way. * Location: Population growth has occurred in areas more prone to natural disasters, such as coastal areas and riverbanks. * arbitration: Poor urban planning, zoning and construction exacerbate the effects of natural disasters * Value: Economic velveteen brings higher asset values, thereby increasing the possible financial loss. Climate change: While there is not yet consensus in the scientific community whether and to what extent climate change increases the number and severity Of climatic events,5 there are several prominent studies suggesting that there exists a causal relationship, increasing risk uncertainty. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Disasters and Decisions That Flow specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ill. List of Alternative course of actions: The unpredictable natural disasters and its consequences affect masses of people and require involvement of various sectors of country organizations to achieve ultimately successful results. Effective disaster management system should be in place which includes disaster prediction, disaster warning, disaster management and disaster relief. Implementation of the following measures can have a significant impact on the extent of suffering after a natural disaster: 1 . Clear vision for dealing with natural disasters. To increase knowledge and awareness of the population at large, the private sector and policy-makers to achieve behavior change. 2. Understanding the risk and mitigate risks through a variety of methods using both public and private means. 3. Enhanced physical resilience as a preventative step to reduce risk by hysterical measures, This is the only way to directly reduce the loss Of life and number of people affected. 4. Financial preparedness to reduce the long-term impact on economic development at the macro level as evidenced IV. Evaluation of Alternatives 1. Vision for dealing with natural disasters A vision of how various means of risk management could work together through â€Å"backward imaging†. Taking realistic natural disaster scenarios and apply best practice recommendations to develop a vision for the future. Ochs is on risk transfer solutions and enhanced risk resiliency. 1. 1 Data Comprehensive data is crucial throughout the natural disaster timeline for increasing awareness, finding effective resilience measures, early warning systems, efficient disaster response and resilient rebuilding. Capturing and mapping: The international community with local cooperation will implement a long-term programmer of global observation data. This data will include satellite observations and ground-based Observations to allow for Ð’Â «trustingÐ’Â » of the satellite data. Risk identification and assessment: Using open-access catastrophe modeling architecture and risk models created by the insurance industry and academia tit funding from UNFROCK adaptation funds, insurers and other risk pooling mechanisms will be able to assess risk and characterize the uncertainties surrounding their estimates. 1. 2 Awareness With good data, the public understands the need for preparation and risk reducing measures. Governments, the private sector and the media build awareness of risks and risk-mitigation principles at national, regional, and community levels. School awareness programmer: Schools play an important role. Children from a young age must understand the perils to which their communities are exposed and the appropriate response behaviors. Community awareness: Education in the community is required to ensure that awareness building continues in ad alt life. Communication: The media will run long-term campaigns on regional natural catastrophe risks, highlighting the benefit Of resilience and risk pooling measures. Multiple channels should be used, using resonating messaging to counter psychological tendencies of avoidance and denial, and foster behavioral change. 1. 3 Planning and prevention Planning and prevention require long lead times, especially for physical resilience projects. These large-scale projects and local community response Lana are both important to community awareness. Coordinating these measures to ensure effectiveness and efficient use of funds requires a central government figure, called in this report a â€Å"country risk officer. Country risk officers: Tasked with keeping up-to-date risk and asset data, they coordinate pre-disaster mitigation measures, such as building resilience, with financial preparedness Large-scale defense: Using risk maps, large-scale peril defense programmer are conducted in areas of high value or national importance, potentially contributed to by UNFROCK adaptation funds. Community-level defense: With awareness of risk, communities can work together on local measures, particularly where large-scale defenses are not possible. This may include avoiding construction in peril-prone areas,or making buildings temporary or peril-resilient in such areas. Individual-level defense: Some individuals and businesses may choose to adapt their properties, as they will see lower insurance premiums as a consequence if insurance premiums reflect risk. Assign liability in advance: Risk pooling organizations are able to reduce their prices because they have contract certainty due to clear liability laws enacted n advance. 1. 4 Risk transfer There are various options for risk management – avoidance, reduction, transfer or retention. Risk transfer is the underlying tenet for insurance markets, passing a liability onto another party (spreading the risk). Risk pooling is vital to the recovery of individuals, firms and economies following a natural disaster. 1. 5 During an event Actions taken immediately before and during an event are crucial for limiting impact on lives and livelihoods. These actions include last minute resilience measures, early warning systems, evacuation plans and efficient response measures. Early warning prior to an event: For some events (e. G. , flooding, tropical cyclones and tsunamis) early warning is possible; others are more of a surprise (e. . , earthquakes). Where early warning is possible, meteorological offices and other peril monitoring services send warning messages to a list of stakeholders for broader dissemination, and also post information on their websites. Mobile warning cascade: Peril-prone regions have free mobile technology early warning systems that cascade a series of warnings. Fast-evacuation warnings: Local police and coastguard remove people from high-risk areas (e. G. Off beaches in a tsunami). Prior emergency drills have informed all stakeholders what they are expected to do. The evacuation is orderly. 1. 6 Response The response phase begins after the post-disaster situation has stabilized and there is no longer imminent threat of loss of human life. The response phase focuses on restoring law and order, ensuring a secure environment and distributing resources and supplies. Order and control: Restoring law and order is crucial to an environment in which appropriate response measures can be taken. If civil society and security deteriorate it will be more difficult or impossible to distribute sources to those in need, unnecessarily prolonging suffering. Quick damage assessment: Satellite images provide an initial quick overview Of the damage. Liquidity pooling schemes pay out: If the event has triggered the pooling policies, funds, commodities and equipment are transferred within 15 days (or more quickly for critical equipment). Use of funds: The country risk officer implements the catastrophe response plan. Funds from pooling schemes are deployed to purchase necessary supplies. 1. 7 Recovery The recovery phase begins once the post-disaster situation has stabilized enough for activities focused on returning people and the economy to predigested or better levels. Recovery involves getting people and communities back on their feet, and ideally in a better position than before the disaster. Deploying loss adjusters: Using satellite and aerial photography loss adjusters decide whether they can pay claims remotely. There are a sufficient number of loss adjusters, provided by both public and private sectors. Resilient and sustainable rebuilding: The country risk officer issues guidelines on peril-resilient rebuilding. All new construction conforms to the code. Non- compliance results in non-payment of future risk pooling claims or building condemnation. Managed retreat: Some regions will not be re-populated to make green spaces or other mitigation schemes. The difficult question of whether to turn over damaged homes to these spaces is an important policy issue. Community adaptation measures: The opportunity to adapt regions will be taken at the time of large-scale rebuilding (e. G. , sustainable urban drainage). This is a unique opportunity to re-design for the future. Lessons learned: All stakeholders devote time and resources to learn lessons room the disaster about such things as evacuation processes, risk models, data, building performance under stress, etc. Results are freely disseminated for the benefit of the international community. Micromanage, structured loans and Micronesians: These financial products provide liquidity for affected individuals, initiating faster recovery and promoting self-sufficiency. 2. Understanding risk * Understanding the hazards and risks a community is exposed to is one Of the prerequisite recommendations in this report. Continued advancement in this understanding will allow for more focused and improved solutions across he disaster timeline. Ensuring that this knowledge is cascaded down to the local level creates awareness and initiates responsibility. Where possible, effective disaster preparedness and risk mitigation must start at an individual and community level. There are many stakeholders involved in building community awareness, Understanding how to use these channels effectively, often in combination with the media, will increase risk understanding and awareness Capturing risk data’s Establishing reliable data is the first step and involves multiple stakeholders. There are numerous gaps in the data that has been captured on multiple littorals and in various data sets around the world. Ra sing awareness Raising awareness is needed at the local community level. Different channels of communications that can reach individuals locally include the use of media, education, and community involvement. Small behavioral adaptations can result in large reductions in the impact to society. For leaseholders countries with high casualty rates, the importance of awareness understanding various need factors is critical. Organizations such as the Red Cross have significant expertise and capacity to help in countries where institutional capacity is not available. Physical Resilience Increasing physical resilience is an ongoing process for ensuring that structures, from large-scale infrastructure to individual buildings, are better prepared for natural disasters. This is an iterative process as cities and regions regenerate themselves, and as knowledge, technology and materials improve. Increasing resilience should be a priority for policy-makers to reduce loss of life and lessen economic loss. Physical resilience requires long-term planning at the national, regional, and local levels; between local governments; with rural and urban areas; and cross departments and agencies. Natural disasters know no boundaries and they cross government jurisdictions. 4. Financial preparedness Financial preparedness is a key element in a country’s overall resilience to natural disasters. It can reduce the long-term impact on economic development at the macro level. At the micro level it provides financial protection to individuals and businesses to reduce the impact on livelihoods. In addition to a functioning public policy and regulatory framework, insurance development depends on factors that define a country broader development strategy. Micronesians Micronesians, which protects low-income people from specific risks, is typically characterized by low premiums reflecting the pricing of focused coverage. Low-income people are often exposed to risks due to the nature of their livelihoods, for example, subsistence farming, or because they live In disaster-prone areas. Distribution High volume is a key to the insurance business model. Therefore, microsurgery need to partner with organizations With ties to the communities that they seek to serve to gain access to and build trust with potential customers. Financial literacy Explaining how insurance works can be difficult. It is also difficult to build trust with potential customers because the benefits of insurance are realized in the future. V. Conclusion and recommendations: Conclusion * Natural disasters affect all countries. However, in lesser-developed countries natural disasters cause disproportionate impact, killing thousands and threatening the livelihoods of those who survive, The variations in these effects between countries in there is a need to transfer knowledge, mobile financial resources and strengthen institutional capacity for natural disaster management in proactive and sustainable ways. However, there have been large variations in their societal impact, particularly on developing countries. Much work needs to be done at local, regional, national international level to improve preparation and response through enhanced resiliency and risk mitigation Accordingly, to reduce the impact of natural disasters, a multiculturalism approach is needed. At the heart of the recommendations is a desire to reduce the overall impact on society. Recommendations: To reduce the impact of natural disasters, a multiculturalism approach is needed. At the heart of the recommendations is a desire to reduce the overall impact on society. The success of that effort will depend on a number of factors: Raising Awareness Building awareness brings recognition of risk and initiates behavioral change. To begin the process one needs to collect appropriate data on risks, which needs to be made publicly available. Communicating the message in a way that informs the affected public of the risks they face is needed to motivate an increase in resilience and preparedness. Enhancing Resiliency Reducing risk through enhancing resilience requires an integrated planning process to make sure that structures are resilient to current and future hazards. Financial Preparedness Financial preparedness includes the concept of risk transfer to protect people’s livelihoods. Traditional insurance using risk-based pricing free from political intervention is an important part of the toolkit to enable faster recovery and reconstruction. Alternative preparedness measures include Micronesians; catastrophe bonds (cat bonds), which in parametric form can provide fast liquidity in times of crisis; and country level funds to help reduce public sector liability. Public Sector The public sector role depends on a country capacity to mitigate and respond to natural disasters.

Free Essays on Tobacco Ads

Tobacco Ads Target Youth Everyday 3,000 children start smoking, most them between the ages of 10 and 18. These kids account for 90 percent of all new smokers. In fact, 90 percent of all adult smokers said that they first lit up as teenagers (Roberts). These statistics clearly show that young people are the prime target in the tobacco wars. The cigarette manufacturers may deny it, but advertising and promotion play a vital part in making these facts a reality (Roberts). The kings of these media ploys are Marlboro and Camel. Marlboro uses a fictional western character called The Marlboro Man, while Camel uses Joe Camel, a high-rolling, swinging cartoon character. Joe Camel, the "smooth character" from R.J. Reynolds, who is shown as a dromedary with complete style has been attacked by many Tobacco-Free Kids organizations as a major influence on the children of America. Dr. Lonnie Bristow, AMA (American Medical Association) spokesman, remarks that "to kids, cute cartoon characters mean that the product is harmless, but cigarettes are not harmless. They have to know that their ads are influencing the youth under 18 to begin smoking"(Breo). Researchers at the Medical College of Georgia report that almost as many 6-year olds recognize Joe Camel as know Mickey Mouse (Breo). That is very shocking information for any parent to hear. The industry denies that these symbols target people under 21 and claim that their advertising goal is simply to promote brand switching and loyalty. Many people disagree with this statement such as Illinois Rep. Richard Durbin who states " If we can reduce the number of young smokers, the tobacco companies will be in trouble and they know it "(Roberts). So what do the tobacco companies do to keep their industry alive and well? Seemingly, they go toward a market that is not fully aware of the harm that cigarettes are capable of. U... Free Essays on Tobacco Ads Free Essays on Tobacco Ads Tobacco Ads Target Youth Everyday 3,000 children start smoking, most them between the ages of 10 and 18. These kids account for 90 percent of all new smokers. In fact, 90 percent of all adult smokers said that they first lit up as teenagers (Roberts). These statistics clearly show that young people are the prime target in the tobacco wars. The cigarette manufacturers may deny it, but advertising and promotion play a vital part in making these facts a reality (Roberts). The kings of these media ploys are Marlboro and Camel. Marlboro uses a fictional western character called The Marlboro Man, while Camel uses Joe Camel, a high-rolling, swinging cartoon character. Joe Camel, the "smooth character" from R.J. Reynolds, who is shown as a dromedary with complete style has been attacked by many Tobacco-Free Kids organizations as a major influence on the children of America. Dr. Lonnie Bristow, AMA (American Medical Association) spokesman, remarks that "to kids, cute cartoon characters mean that the product is harmless, but cigarettes are not harmless. They have to know that their ads are influencing the youth under 18 to begin smoking"(Breo). Researchers at the Medical College of Georgia report that almost as many 6-year olds recognize Joe Camel as know Mickey Mouse (Breo). That is very shocking information for any parent to hear. The industry denies that these symbols target people under 21 and claim that their advertising goal is simply to promote brand switching and loyalty. Many people disagree with this statement such as Illinois Rep. Richard Durbin who states " If we can reduce the number of young smokers, the tobacco companies will be in trouble and they know it "(Roberts). So what do the tobacco companies do to keep their industry alive and well? Seemingly, they go toward a market that is not fully aware of the harm that cigarettes are capable of. U...

PEST(LE) Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PEST(LE) Analysis - Essay Example The above acquisition enabled the entity to have access to Safeway’s massive resources. This allowed Morrison to add its outlet and capture additional clientele. The acquisition was a strategic step that sought to kick-start its expansion across England (Morrison 2012). Safeway had stores in southern England and Scotland. This was a strategic acquisition since the Safeway gave Morrison a chance to challenge the supremacy of its competitor in the Southern region and Scotland subsequently kick-starting Morrison’s expansion strategy. The acquisition increased the quantity of Morrison’s stores. Consequently, the entity could avail its products to the southern regions. The entity also sought to increase its profitability by increasing its operational efficiencies. Morrison evaluated the profitability of it stores and disposed those that were reducing its profitability and overall efficiency. Operational efficiency is vital in retail businesses. Operational efficiency ensures that an entity capital is put into profitable activities. Therefore, the entity disposed off some of its stores. This allowed the entity’s management to focus on stores with potential to bring in additional clientele (Morrison 2011). Morrison further terminated its venture with British Petroleum (BP). Morrison had entered into a venture with BP. The venture allowed the entity to create open stores on BP’s petrol stations. ... The expansion of the entity did not only entail increasing its sales but also increasing the value the entity offers to the clients. Additionally, it sought to improve its procedures ensuring that they can handle its undertaking appropriately. Proper management and efficiency were catalysts to the expansion of the entity. The management ensured that the entity could attract additional clientele through marketing (branding) and maintaining an ideal corporate image (Morrison 2010). PEST Analysis This is a technique, which enables an analyst to evaluate the position of an entity in relation to certain factors, which determine the fortunes of an entity. The factors include political, economic, socio-cultural and technological factors. Political/legal Factors Morrison conforms to the company act, which contains provisions that elaborate the formation and operation of such an entity. If the entity infringes any of the clauses of this law, then the entity would face numerous legal consequen ces. The entity initiated its operations in the agricultural sector. Consequently, considerable portions of the entity’s products are from the agricultural sector. Such products face numerous laws as authorities endeavour to protect the citizenry. The entity has to ensure that its food products meet the required health standard. The health sector has instituted numerous laws, which seek to secure the safety of the citizens. Additionally, the entity faces countless laws pertaining to the sale of alcohol. The entity was labelled reluctant in the implementation of laws pertaining to sale of alcohol. As such, the entity was instructed to demand identification documents from individuals purchasing alcohol

Gay rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gay rights - Research Paper Example In their defense, the supporters of the Florida Marriage Amendment emphasize the benefits of dual-gender childbearing and also point towards the role of dual-gender marriage in procreation. A major moral argument has been thrust upon the United States in attempting to justify such state laws as the Florida Marriage Protection Amendment. Not surprisingly, the main backers of the amendment include state churches and pro-family organizations. Florida Marriage Protection Amendment should be repealed because it violates the very basic principles on which this country was built such as the right to liberty and the right for the pursuit of happiness. The law in Florida implies one can choose his or her life partner only from the opposite sex if he or she wants the union to be officially sanctioned by the state. Same-sex couples are experiencing the unfortunate hindrance of their own natural rights as a basis for the state to place a moral compass upon its citizens. By effectively eliminatin g a same-sex couple’s right to marriage, this amendment to state law deprives the same-sex couples numerous financial and non-financial benefits that come with marriage such as joint tax filings, savings on various types of insurance, support payments, and numerous promotional offers offered by commercial enterprises to married couples. This has produced an environment conducive to state-sanctioned discrimination against same-sex couples by denying them the financial and legal rights available to their dual-gender counterparts. The law gives support to the notion that homosexuality is a lifestyle as argued by religious institutions and not a natural phenomenon as argued by the scientific establishment. In other words, gay individuals are believed by the Florida state establishment to be engaging in a lifestyle by choice as opposed to by a fixed destiny based on genetics from birth. The laws are usually intended to protect society from the harmful consequences of one personâ⠂¬â„¢s actions. Human beings are reasonable creatures and thus, perfectly capable of evaluating the potential consequences of their actions. Therefore, it makes sense to hold one person responsible for the harm done to the society as a consequence of his or her own risky behavior. However, the laws attempt to draw a delicate line between individual freedom and one’s rights towards the society. This may explain why not all risky behaviors are regulated in truly democratic societies. While the goal is typically to protect every person within a society, it must also be to provide each person with the natural inalienable rights as set forth by that society’s government and its people. Its people must determine which rights are necessary. As an example, excessive alcoholic consumption can be fatal but there are no laws dictating how many drinks one can drink in a certain period of time but laws do discourage irresponsible behaviors such as drunk driving. Even though both ar e risky behaviors, in the first case, the risk is born by the same person performing the action while in the second case, the risk is involuntarily transferred to the society. The same reasoning could be applied to smoking laws, traffic laws, and numerous other health regulations. By the same logic, same sex marriage is a private matter that does no direct harm to the safety or security of society.

Employee Turnover Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Employee Turnover - Dissertation Example The study would also highlight whether, the management has a key role in mitigating the turnover effect or not. Research Process & Strategy Identify the problem Set the objectives Develop the Research Plan Data collection Analysis of Data Finding (results) Source : Kothari , 2008 A literature review was undertaken to investigate the influences and motivational forces that increase employee turnover. Further the link was established in order to find a relationship between the established theories and people own personal opinions. According to Marchington & Wilkinson (2005) the best and most reliable information given by employees is done so by exploring their own personal views. The literature review had enabled me to gather and link a good amount of research from theorists who have researched employee retention in depth. The above mentioned steps are executed systematically to achieve the desired goals and objectives. The first step in the research process is to identify the problem and set objective carefully and agree on the research objective. In an investigative and descriptive study as the one in particular can frame the objectives by breaking them into various investigative questions as stated in the above research objective section (Goddard W & Melville S, 2004). ... It is most expensive and most prone to error. The fourth step in research process is to analyze the collected data. The last step in the research process is that the representation of findings or ultimate deduction of the analysis drawn. According to the nature of research problem, it is beneficial to emphasize more on qualitative data rather than quantitative data. It is a proven fact that human behavior can be complex, interactive and consist of indescribable and illogical aspects (Goulding, 2002) particularly when discussing personal experiences. Denzin & Lincoln (no date) found that qualitative research is a method for examination, contribution, interviewing, and ethnography. It serves as a metaphor for majestic knowledge, for strength and for the truth (Denzin & Lincoln, no date), it really depends on the size of data you need. Both quantitative and qualitative are scientific, and the results will deliver a similar result, but each method has a different approach, and the result s are presented differently to the reader. Data Collection: Collection of data is one of the important aspects of research methodology. This consists of gathering the data from various sources. Types of data & Analysis: Data is important to collect the necessary information. Data may be of two types: primary and secondary data. Secondary data is one of the parts of research methodology through which information about the project can be collected. This particular research would be based both on the secondary and primary data information, different sources such as Journals, Books, Newspaper, Magazines, Internet, Articles and all authentic published relevant material would be referred for the accomplishment of the objectives and goals of the current project related to the

Evidence based practice and the reflective practice

Evidence based practice and the reflective practice From my point of view, I believe that the two main sorts of research evidence that could inform educational practices are the evidence based practice and the reflective practice. I still have on my mind the words of Ravitch, I am deeply grateful that my treatment was based on medical research and not education research. Otherwise, I would not be here to tell my tale (Ravitch, 1998, p.33) and her insistence from her experience that educators have something to learn from physicians as she was also educators. The evidence based practice was first introduced on medical research as evidence-based medicine. Their main source was the development of a particular kind of medical research the randomised controlled trial (RCT) which was designed as a way to assess the value of new drugs in order to check the claims of their manufacturers (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.18). However, there is a movement in the late 1990s, in several countries and also in the UK, for both educational practice and educational policy to become more evidence-based-or at least evidence-informed (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.15). From my own experience of teaching prof essional practice has always been informed by evidence. What we teach on the class is based on evidence. It is a fact that reliance on a body of scientific knowledge has been treated as a defining feature of any profession, and has figured largely in the attempts by many occupations to gain this status. Looking back, in the beginning of the twentieth century it was taken to be one of the traits that marked professions off from other occupations (Flexner, 1915). The movement for evidence-based practice does not repeat the ideas of the definition of a profession, it does involve distinctive requirements. It proposes that practice should be guided much more directly by research evidence than previously. Furthermore, education as a profession, or a collection of professions, has always been a complex and contested one. It is well known that, in most countries, schoolteachers have never gained any autonomy and power achieved by other professions such as lawyers and doctors. In addition, the main body of knowledge on which their practice was supposed to be based was very often subject knowledge. Thus, in recent decades, in the UK and some other societies, a weak grasp of subject knowledge on the part of primary-school teachers, especially in the areas of science and mathematics, has been held responsible for what has been identified as poor levels of educational performance (Traianou, 2007, p.11). In contrast to this, research knowledge has been shaping the educational practice well before the evidence-based practice began. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, the two famous educational researchers have worked a few decades ago and their ideas have been generated diverse recommendations for educational practice. It is obvious since Piagets name often has been invoked by advocates of discovery learning and progressive education two approaches that strongly emphasise the autonomy of the learner. Furthermore, his work also highlights the important role that cognitive structures play in childrens learning, and, more generally, that what learners learn will depend on where they are starting from (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.18). At this point, it is also important to mention that Vygotsky drew on Piagets work, and they both believed that learners should actively construct their understanding of the world. They both denied that learning is a passive response to external stimuli but it has implications well beyond the contex t of childrens learning. Indeed, it carries an important message about all forms of education. In addition, Hargreaves literally mentions Teaching is not at present research-based profession and he continues I have no doubt that if it were, teaching would be more effective and more satisfying (Hargreaves, in Hammersley, 2009, p.3). The medical profession has gained a lot of prestige lately due to the growth of its research which mainly is based on evidence based practice. In contrast, the teaching profession did not take such a step. Very rarely, teachers would look on other professional fields to examine and learn from their structure (Hargreaves, in Hammersley, 2009, p.4). As a teacher, I certainly understand that even though we heavily rely on what we learn from our own experiences which are private trials which might be right or wrong. In contrast, in the evidence based medicine process they convert the information needs into answerable questions, track down with the maximum efficiency the best evidence with which to answer, critically appraise that evidence for its validity and usefulness, apply the results and evaluate performance (Hargreaves, in Hammersley, 2009, p.13). Reflective practice can be traced way back before the twentieth century, while much of what is involved in the notion, for example the idea of phronesis outlined by Aristotle. However, the statement by Schà ¶n that In recent years there has been a growing perception that researchers, who are supposed to feed the professional schools with useful knowledge, have less and less to say that practitioners find useful(Schà ¶n, 1987, p. 10) does really disturb a lot since the reflective practice was happened a long before and has not just developed. Furthermore, Schà ¶n stated that it is modified by reflection-in-action (the ability to think about what one is doing while doing it) and reflection-on-action (the capacity to reflect after the event on what has happened and on its implications for ones practice) (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.41). Developing these abilities, these forms of reflection that professional skill and wisdom can be built up in the course of experience, an d these capacities are important because real-world problems do not usually present themselves in ways that would match the technical knowledge produced by research. The notion of reflective practice has been under different names in the early 1970s, came to the fore in the 1980s through the works of Schà ¶n, Valli and Elliott. This notion places as much emphasis on teachers own evaluation of their practices as on the planning and management skills into which such evaluation feeds( Moore, in Hammersley, 2009, p.122). One of the recent recommended techniques in the reflective practitioner discourse is the developing of teachers own diary or journal that can systematically reflect. With this method, teachers can improve themselves and develop their own valid teaching method. As usual, the introduction of new ideas was accepted by less experienced teachers rather than more experienced ones. As Mitchell and Weber (1996) stated experience teachers suggest that they are just likely to cause concern, confusion and misguided behaviour through their over-personalization of teaching activity (Mitchell and Weber, 1996, p.34). Up to this point, I have described the two main sorts of research evidence that could inform educational practice. Furthermore, I will mention differences and significant similarities. Hargreaves and others who have concerned how research serves evidence based practice are not simply putting forward a particular view of the relationship between research and practice. It is clear that they think educational research needs to change in character, although neither Ravitch nor Hargreaves insists that it must take the form of randomised controlled trials (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.26). However, from the point of view of advocating evidence-based practice, the practices of professionals are based on knowledge that must be eliminated in favour of procedures determined by sound, scientifically validated research evidence. In contrast, Schà ¶ns perspective, those traditional practices are seen as skilful and principled strategies that cannot be bettered by the substitution of research based knowledge; rather, they can only be improved by further reflection in and on professional practice (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.41). In addition, Moore sugge sts that, the reflective practitioner discourse was not influential in official circles during his times. He insists that there are connections between each model and particular approaches to educational research. In a sense, the competences discourse has an affinity with quantitative method, and the reflective practitioner model with qualitative method (Moore, in Hammersley, 2009, p.127). In my opinion, I believe that there could be another similarity due to the fact that both are considered to be unrepresentative. It cant be presumed that all subjects taking part in RCT trials are representative of the people who will eventually be taking the drug or treatment and the data that a teacher personally gathers from his/her own classroom conditions cannot be presumed to apply to all conditions. Both of them have the same goals which are to enrich the corpus of knowledgeand to inform educational practice. Also, they both rely on philosophical grounds positivist one and interpretivist (E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, p.79). On the other, it cannot be presumed that all subjects taking part in RCT trials are representative of the people who will eventually be taking the drug or treatment and the data that a teacher personally gathers from his/her own classroom conditions cannot be presumed to apply to all conditions. Nevertheless, it seems to me that they share a lot o f points in common, such as theirposition with theory, which they dont question as both tend to look at teaching strategies rather than the sense of teaching and what is taught. To sum up, I would not disagree that RCTs provide measurable outcomes, and the reflective discourse emphasises the practitioners experience, this doesnt mean that it ignores the skills and techniques needed but that it tries to look at the wider picture. so if their spectrum of research and practice is limited what part does critical theory of research play as I see it to be connected to reflective practice. The Cyprus educational system unfortunately has been very weak as far as the new teachers are concerned, especially the ones that teach in secondary and high schools. A lot of them enter the teaching classrooms without any educational experience apart from the fact that they are graduates of universities. The same fact has happened to me also. Suddenly, I found myself from the hotel industry to teach in the school hotel labs and classrooms. From that day on I had to find a way of how I could become more effective within the classroom and be more efficient with my students. Having studied part one of the study guide for the course I am more confident to explain which methods I use during my teaching courses. However, I remember that I always mention to my colleagues that the teaching plans I have, are never stable. Every time I conclude with the lessons, I keep change them. I used to judge myself (reflective) what went right and what needed a change and I was doing it. Without realisi ng, I was using the reflective method and in a sense I was improving myself. However, as a teacher in a technical and vocational school, I spend most of my teaching hours in the lab rather than in the normal classrooms. From what I have studied up to now, I find myself that I used both educational methods of teaching, i.e. evidence based practice and reflective methods, not only for improving my teaching methods but also for the benefits of my students. The evidence-based practice, I use it a lot when I teach Food technology, Wine making or Food and Drink cost course. In all these courses the results from previous statistics which can be found through research are very useful not only for the teacher but for the students also. For instance, in order to produce good quality wine the evidence shows that there are certain parameters which are very essential such as the % of the sugar on the grapes, or how many days they should stay for fermentation, and e.t.c. This is happening with all the above mentioned courses and believe me students understand better when I use evidence-based practice because I can claim that throughout the years the research experience on developing the course has never been wrong. On the other hand, reflective practice is mostly used in the labs. Since a lot of the students work is done within the lab with practice on the lab exercises. I usually teach cooking and baking. All the other vocational teachers as well as I, were using reflective practice even though we could not understand that we were using it. What do we usually do? We explain to our students how things should be prepared, cooked and be ready to be served. As a teacher, I know from the beginning how the final product should be since I have worked through the reflective practice many times. I explain to the students the process and the directions needed to be followed and I guide them throughout the lesson. A single mistake or a small misunderstanding from the students, results are off truck. This can happen not only with cooking and baking but also with carpentry, electricians and any other specialization existing in the technical and vocational schools. References E891 Educational Enquiry, Study Guide, (2007), The Open University Flexner, A. (1915) Is social work a profession?, paper presented at the National Conference of Charities and Corrections, Proceedings of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections at the Fortysecond Annual Session held in Baltimore, Maryland, May 12-19, Chicago, Hildmann. Hargreaves, D. (2007) Teaching as a research-based profession: possibilities and prospects (The Teacher Training Agency Lecture 1996) in Educational Research and Evidence-based Practice By in Hammersley, M, 2009, Sage Publication, London. Mitchell, C. and Weber, S. (1996) Reinventing Ourselves as Teachers: Private and Social Acts of Memory an Imagination, London: Falmer Press. Moore, A. (2007) Beyond reflection: contingency, idiosyncrasy and reflexivity in initial teacher education in Educational Research and Evidence-based Practice By in Hammersley, M, 2009, Sage Publication, London. Ravitch, D. (1998) What if research really mattered?, Education Week, 16 December, vol. 18, no. 16, p. 33. Schà ¶n, D. (1987) Educating the Reflective Practitioner, San Francisco, Jossey Bass. Traianou, A. (2007) Understanding Teacher Expertise in Primary Science: A Sociocultural Approach, Rotterdam, Sense Publishers.

Essay --

Oil is one of the largest components of the American economy. However through the last thirty years America has had to overcome many obstacles in order to secure a steady flow of oil from foreign countries. Since the early 1970s many political leaders have encouraged drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) to solve America’s problem of securing foreign oil. The people in favor of letting companies drill in the ANWR argue that it would reduce America’s dependence on foreign oil, and not effect the environment. People against oil drilling in the ANWR state that the drilling would do nothing to change America’s dependence on Foreign oil, and will have detrimental effects on one of the world’s largest untouched nature-preserves. In order to secure and stabilize both the Environment and America’s oil supply, America will need to assign a small section of the ANWR for oil drilling, that would not effect the natural ecosystems. One near-sighted proposal to help reduce America’s foreign dependence for oil has been to drill for oil in the ANWR. Currently the United States imports around 60 percent of the oil that its citizens consumes annually and around 20 percent of this oil comes from the Persian Gulf countries, averaging about 2.4 million barrels a day are being imported to the United States (Corsi 11). Each barrel of oil costs around 50$, meaning the United States sends more than 600$ million a day to foreign countries, of which 120$ million goes to the Persian Gulf. Annually the United States spends just under a quarter of a trillion dollars to buy oil. These numbers show that the United States is very dependent on oil from foreign countries, and has had to intervene in foreign entanglements because of it, such a... ...structures (which was not the case in Prudhoe Bay,) there would be other suitable calving areas. The oil fields operated ANWR would also help make the United States less dependent on foreign oil. Although the United States will most likely never be completely independent of oil, the Oil drilled in the ANWR would save the United States millions of dollars a year, from paying foreign countries to sell us oil. If we have a steady domestic oil supply, the United States will not have to focus so much of its attention on foreign issues that are not related to us. Keeping the environment pristine, and having a secure line of oil are big concerns of the United States government. By assigning a small section of the ANWR for oil drilling and setting restrictions on oil infrastructures during calving season would let America succeed in both the economy and the environment.

Paranoia, it must’ve been Essay

High school is the time in our lives to begin exploring options and figure out who we are as individuals, and where we want to go. It is a pathway that guides us to whatever our future holds, but it is also full of commotion, which would transform the slightest bit of misunderstanding into arguments and violence. I recall a classmate of mine transferring school due to a fallacious rumor of him stealing. There was no proof; just words from people who â€Å"claim† they believe it were him. Far too many bad things could happen in high school, and they could alter our experiences in negative ways. It wasn’t farfetched to say I was a victim of such calamity. My experience at my current secondary school started off full of excitement. I participated in many different activities and made a great deal of friends, which made me love high school. But there were many quarrels in school, which made life akin to the weather: unpredictable, uncontrollable, and unfair. The defining moment of my sophomore year was a simple misunderstanding that left a deep scar behind. It was a frosty morning, sending chills down my spine as I walked to school for basketball practice, become an ice cube along the way. When the coach dismissed us to my relief, someone’s phone was missing from the volleyball team which was next door. For privacy reasons I am going to give him the alias â€Å"Joe. † The news did not surprise me, but Joe’s friends wanted to search me, and he went through all my belongings. The shock of someone thinking that I took his phone hit me like a bullet. It left me numb and speechless. Feeling helpless like a mouse in a trap, I desperately needed someone to be on my side. The word â€Å"fair† kept on popping up in my mind, and it sparked an anger that had being building. I sought after the people who wanted to put the blame on me. I had no alibi of me not stealing the phone, but likewise they had no evidence of me stealing the phone either. While walking through the halls, I felt like the walls were following me, watching my every step. Everything was blurry. It felt like I have lost control of who I am. My ears overheard my name and gossip about me in the halls, and that was when I lost it. My mind erupted and broke open like a broken dam: every bit of emotion started flowing out. My eyes started to water but I tried my best to suppress the tears. The inevitable had happened: I became the new laughingstock of the school. News spread faster than wild fire in an ancient forest. With rumors flooding in excess, my reputation had taken a hit. I was branded â€Å"The Thief†. This incident impacted me in ways beyond I would ever imagine. I did not make one jump shot at the subsequent practice. People were cautious around me. They kept their phone out of my sight and tried to avoid me in the halls; it seemed like that even teachers seemed to treat me differently, although that must’ve been my imagination. I felt sick; I could not eat or sleep. Everything seemed to become more confounded. I had trouble looking people in the eye, and my heart raced every time someone mentioned the word â€Å"phone†. I would turn around to see whether they were talking about me. Paranoia, it must’ve been. I avoided the volleyball team at all costs, and I did not talk to my close friends. It was excruciating to restrain my demons me while wearing a poker face, hoping others cannot see the pain. The week of the incident simply did not go well. Fortunately, after what had seemed like an eternity of torture, Joe finally found his phone in his friends bag. However, he never apologized to me for blind accusation. I didn’t really care; The pain, and suffering was worth more than a simple â€Å"sorry†! But everything went back to regular routine and school became exciting once more. Looking back, I really couldn’t blame Joe: he lost an iPhone 4S, the newest and most expensive phone at the time. It would be hypocritical of me to say that I would not be infuriated if I had lost my iPhone. High school is a pathway which we all must take. The views and experiences may be different but the concept remains the same. In the eye of a student there are very many negative and few positives about high school. The main point is staying out of trouble’s way and avoiding it at all cost, because one simple misunderstanding could cause you years of pain. People may also blame you for things you haven’t done, but the truth is: life is easier when you have someone else to blame.

The Possessive Apostrophe

The Possessive Apostrophe The Possessive Apostrophe The Possessive Apostrophe By Daniel Scocco Its time to talk about being possessive. Sometimes possessiveness is good, sometimes its bad. However you look at it, if youre speaking English, then you will need an apostrophe to show who owns what. The apostrophe () is one of the most used and misused English punctuation marks. No one is ever quite sure where to put it. You can use it when things are left out (contractions), but its the possessiveness that causes the most trouble. The apostrophe is all about making a statement of ownership. You belong to me. This belongs to that. In grammar speak, the apostrophe shows the possessive of nouns. There are four ways to use the apostrophe to show ownership or belonging. 1. Add apostrophe s to the end of a singular noun that does not end in s: the managers room 2. Add apostrophe s to the end of a singular noun, even if it ends in s (this practice may vary in some places): Doriss scarf 3. Add apostrophe s to the end of a plural noun that doesnt end in s the childrens bag 4. If the plural noun ends in s, just add the apostrophe my friends car Notice that possessive pronouns like yours, his, hers, ours, its and theirs are not followed by the apostrophe. Finally, if you want to play around with it, Wikipedia has a list of four phrases illustrating how the apostrophe can literally change the meaning of sentences. my sisters friends investments (I have one sister and she has one friend.) my sisters friends investments (I have many sisters and they have many friends.) my sisters friends investments (I have many sisters and they have one friend.) my sisters friends investments (I have one sister and she has many friends.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)Peace of Mind and A Piece of One's Mind20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

Ruths Chris Data Table Analysis Essay

Ruths Chris Data Table Analysis Essay Ruths Chris Data Table Analysis Essay Country Beef Population Urbanization Rate GDP Beef 2010 Beef 2011 Beef 2012 U.S. 124.8 298444 80 41800 12045.8 11983.3 11848.6 Bahamas 123.6 303 89 20200 0 0 0 Spain 118.6 40397 77 25500 606.6 604.1 591.3 Ireland 106.3 4062 60 41000 558.2 545.9 495.4 France 101.1 60876 76 29900 1530.3 1566.5 1491.7 Belgium 86.1 10379 97 31400 263.2 272.3 262.3 Israel 97.1 6352 92 24600 108.1 116.7 116.9 Switzerland 72.9 7523 68 32300 142.9 143.9 144.3 Netherlands 89.3 16491 66 30500 388.6 381.6 373.5 U.K. 79.6 60609 89 30300 908 936 885 Singapore 71.1 4492 100 28100 0 0 0.1 China 52.4 1313973 39 6800 6554.1 6490.6 6576.2 Germany 82.1 82422 88 30400 1205 1170.4 1146.3 Italy 90.4 58133 67 29200 1075.3 1011 981.7 Greece 78.7 10688 61 22200 77.5 79.2 75.1 Argentina 97.6 39921 90 13100 2630.2 2497.3 2500 Portugal 91.1 10605 55 19300 93.2 96 93 Hungary 100.7 9981 65 16300 27.6 26.4 25.4 Brazil 82.4 188078 83 8400 9115 9030 9307 Czech Republic 77.3 10235 74 19500 74.3 72.1 66.1 Poland 78.1 38536 62 13300 400.9 391.2 383.7 Japan 43.9 127463 65 31500 515 550.4 518.7 Malaysia 50.9 24385 64 12100 28.9 29.8 30.3 Chile 66.4 16134 87 11300 210.7 191 195 Kuwait 60.2 2418 66 19200 2.6 2.6 2.7 Russia 51 142893 73 11100 1727.3 1625.5 1641.5 South Korea 48 48846 80 20400 247 280 300 Panama 54.5 3191 57 7200 79.4 86.3 88 Costa Rica 40.4 4075 61 11100 97.5 96 87.5 South Africa 39 44187 57 12000 847.5 828.6 843.9 Turkey 19.3 70413 66 8200 622 646.5 801.1 Vietnam 28.6 84402 26 2800 384.3 386.5 393.3 Standard Deviation 27.17 232513.361 16.27386585 10350.3 2741.2451 2718.8868 2733.2399 Mean 75.11 88778.3438 71.25 20656.3 1330.2188 1316.8031 1320.8 Income Cost to import Z beef 50741.2 1289 1.83 68440 1770 1.78 27298 1400 1.60 34401.6 1121 1.15 42692.7 1445 0.96 44452 1400 0.40 30437.4 565 0.81 79478.3 1440 -0.08 43046.7 975 0.52 42166.8 1050 0.17 31246.9 440 -0.15 5203.3 800 -0.84 44687.8 1050 0.26 34671.3 1145 0.56 20554.6 1135 0.13 10090.8 2320 0.83 20219.6 925 0.59 10658.7 845 0.94 8931.9 2322.8 0.27 14727.6 1215 0.08 11426.5 1025 0.11 31904.6 829.3 -1.15 7127.4 560 -0.89 11649.2 860 -0.32 15733.8 1250 -0.55 9549.9 2594.5 -0.89 20400.4 695 -1.00 7283 1030 -0.76 8410.1 1070 -1.28 5388.6 2080 -1.33 9317.6 1235

The Tort Misuse of Private Information Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words - 1

The Tort Misuse of Private Information - Essay Example â€Å"It may be hardly doubted that the lack of a clear legal remedy in respect of the non-consensual disclosure of personal information is one of the most serious lacunae in English Law† 3 Radical developments in breach of confidence have been ushered-in since The Human Rights Act 1998, and privacy, confidentiality and information sharing are now covered comprehensively under this Act. In the UK there has been no specific right with reference to ‘privacy’ and this concept is evolving. The provisions with regard to privacy are found in breach of confidence and human rights legislation. For example, there is the reach of confidence involved in situations where a duty of confidence exists. The English Courts have established, in many cases, publishing unauthorized photographs or information constitutes a breach of confidence. Interception of mail and telephone calls were subject to statutory regulation, but the statutory basis was not established until Police Act 1997 came into force. (to privacy) is â€Å"in accordance with the law†. That phrase simply means that there had to be some proper statutory authority for the interference†¦ This led to Parliament enacting Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA), which formalized all State surveillance operations against its citizens. 4 In Kaye v Robertson which involves a well-known actor  who had undergone extensive surgery and was in the hospital when he was  photographed and allegedly interviewed by a tabloid newspaper. His rights could not be  protected by an action for breach of privacy. The Court  of appeal noted that the case â€Å"highlighted, yet again, the failure of both the common law and of the statute to protect in an effective way the personal privacy.

Concept Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Concept Paper - Essay Example licies helped to increase economic growth and development in the United Kingdom after the financial crisis of 2009?† The paper identifies the government and the Bank of England as the main actors who create and implement austerity policies. The research identifies three case studies that will help the research in focusing on the unit of analysis and drawing relevant answers to the research questions. Units of analyses are critical factors that help researchers in making accurate and reliable conclusions. This means that units of analysis are the main drivers of research without which it is impossible to undertake a study successfully. The units may be human beings, companies, laws, or geographical regions. Human beings act as units of analyses when they are being studied individually or in groups. These elements are studied when researchers are interested in drawing conclusions about social factors such as behavior, attitudes, and performance in school. Organizations are similar to individuals when studied as units of analyses because they may be studied individually or in groups. Companies are used as units of analyses when studies aim at identifying their performances and behavior (Malici, & Smith, 2013). In this study, human beings and organizations are not critical units of analyses; because the research may not be able to study each one of them in seclusion. This is because the research may not be able to identify specific individuals and organizations in the UK. Geographical regions may also be used as units of analyses in research. These may be individual countries or groups of countries that have similar characteristics. Geographical region is an essential unit of analysis in this research because it aims at focusing only on the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is a geographical area that consists of three countries. The countries in the region include England, Scotland, and Wales (CLES, 2014)s. The research will focus on the three countries in